Your browser is unsupported

We recommend using the latest version of IE11, Edge, Chrome, Firefox or Safari.

Findings from the Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life Index are reported in the following published research studies. Heading link

AAFFIRM Investigators. (2005). Quality of life in atrial fibrillation: The atrial fibrillation follow-up investigation of rhythm management (Affirm) study. American Heart Journal, 149(1), 112-120.

Adams MK, Byrn M, Penckofer S, Bryant F, Almonte A. Expectations of motherhood and quality of life. (2021) MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 46(2):70-75. doi: 10.1097/NMC.0000000000000690. PMID: 33630490.

Adepu, R. & Madhu, S. (2011). Influence of post discharge counseling on health outcomes in diabetic and hypertensive patients. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 4(3), 28-33.

Al Qadire, M. & Al Khalaileh, M. (2016). Prevalence of symptoms and quality of life among Jordanian cancer patients. Clinical Nursing Research, 25(2), 174-191. doi: 10.1177/1054773814564212.

Albaugh, J., & Ferrans, C.E. (2010). Impact of penile injections on men with erectile dysfunction after prostatectomy.  Urologic Nursing, 30(1) 64-77.

Al-Gamal, E. (2013). Quality of life and anticipatory grieving among parents living with a child with cerebral palsy. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 19, 288-294. doi: 10.1111/ijn.12075

Al-Gamal, E. (2014). Quality of life, anxiety and depression among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and their spouses. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 35, 761-767. doi: 10.3109/01612840.2014.908440

Al-Gamal, E. (2017). Testing of the hospital anxiety and depression scale in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. International Journal of Nursing          Knowledge, 28(2), 94-99.

Al-Gamal, E., York, J., & Al-Shwaiyat, M.K.E.A. (2014). Dyspnea-12-Arabic: Testing of an instrument to measure breathlessness in Arabic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Heart & Lung, 43, 244-248. doi: 101016/j.hrtlng.2014.02.003

Algamdi MM. (2021). Assessment of post-COVID-19 quality of life using the Quality of Life Index. Patient Preference and Adherence, 15:2587-2596. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S340868. PMID: 34824527; PMCID: PMC8610760.

All, A.C., Fried, J.H., & Wallace, D.C. (2000).  Quality of life, chronic pain, and issues for healthcare professionals in rural communities.  Journal of Rural Nursing and Health Care, 1(2), 1-14 [available online:  http://www.rno.org/journal].

Allen, L., Haririfar, M., Cohen, J., Henderson, M. (2000).  Quality of life and locus of control of migraineurs.  Clinical Excellence for Nurse Practitioners, 4(1), 41-49.

Al-Smadi, A. M., Tawalbeh, L. I., Gammoh, O. S., Ashour, A. F., Alshraifeen, A., & Gougazeh, Y. M. (2017). Anxiety, stress, and quality of life among Iraqi refugees in Jordan: A cross-sectional survey. Nursing Health and Sciences. doi: 10.1111/nhs.12323

Anderson, J. & Ferrans, C. (1997).  The quality of life of persons with chronic fatigue syndrome.  Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 186(6), 359-367.

Arora, R.R., Chou, T.M., Jain, D., Fleishman, B., Crawford, L., McKiernan, T., Nesto, R., Ferrans, C.E., & Keller, S. (2002). Effects of enhanced external counterpulsation on health-related quality of life continue 12 months after treatment: A substudy of the multicenter study of enhanced external counterpulsation. Journal of Investigative Medicine, 50(1), 25-32.

Arteaga, W. & Windle, J. (1995).  The quality of life of patients with life-threatening arrhythmias.  Archives of Internal Medicine, 155, 2086-2091.

Artinian, N.T., & Hayes, M.G. (1992).  Factors related to spouses’ quality of life 1 year after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.  Cardiovascular Nursing, 28(4), 33-39.

Arun, K.P., Murugan, R., Kanna, M.R., Rajalakshmi, S., Kalaiselvi, R., & Komathi, V. (2008). The impact of pharmaceutical care on the clinical outcome of diabetes mellitus among a rural patient population. International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries, 28(1), 15-18.

Arzouman, J., Dudas, S., Ferrans, C., Holm, K. (1991).  Quality of life of patients with sarcoma postchemotherapy.  Oncology Nursing Forum, 18(5), 889-894.

Asbury, E. A., Kanji N., Ernst, E., Barbir. M., & Collins, P. (2009). Autogenic training to manage symptomology in women with chest pain and normal coronary arteries. Menopause, 16(1), 60-65. doi: 10.1097/GME.0b013e318184762e

Atapattu P. M. & Warnasooriya, W. M. (2016). Quality of life before and after coronary artery bypass grafting: Findings among pre-operative and post-operative patients at the National Hospital of Sri Lanka. Journal of the Ceylon College of Physicians, 47, 92-97.

Atkinson, M., Zibin, S., & Chuang, H., (1997). Characterizing quality of life among patients with chronic mental illness: A critical examination of the self-report methodology. The American journal of psychiatry, 154(1), 99-105.

Aurora, R., Chou, T., Jain, D., Nesto, R., et al.  (1998).  Results of the multicenter enhanced external counterpulsation (MUST-EECP) outcomes study: quality of life benefits sustained six months after treatment.  Circulation, 98(17, Suppl I), I-350.

AVID Investigators.  (1995).  Antiarrhythmic versus implantable defilbrillators (AVID): Rationale, Design, and Methods.  American Journal of Cardiology, 75, 470-475.

Ayoub, A., Nelson, K., & Wood, P. (2013). Cultural relevance of the quality-of-life tools for people with kidney failure. Journal of Renal Care, 39(4), 236-245. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-6686.2013.12034.x

Ayoub, A., Nelson, K., & Wood, P., & Hijjazi, K. H. (2014). Comparing health-related quality of life between haemodialysis patients and a community sample in the United Arab Emirates. Renal Society of Australasia Journal, 10(1), 34-43.

Ayoub, A., Nelson, K., & Wood, P., & Hijjazi, K. H. (2014). The relationship between laboratory values and quality of life of dialysis patients in the United Arab Emirates. Renal Society of Australasia Journal, 10(1), 12-20.

Ayoub, A.M. & Hijjazi, K.H. (2013). Quality of life in dialysis patients from the United Arab Emirates. Journal of Family and Community Medicine, 20(2), 106-112. doi: 10.4103/2230-8229.114772

Bainger, E. & Fernsler, J.  (1995). Perceived quality of life before and after implantation of an internal cardioverter defibrillator.  American Journal of Critical Care, 4(1), 36-43

Baker, W. A., Kluger, J., Coleman, C. I., & White, C. M. (2015). Impact of magnesium l-lactate on occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The Open Cardiovascular Medical Journal, 9, 83-88.

Baylow HE, Esfandiarei M, Ratiu I. (2022). Swallowing and quality of life in individuals with Marfan syndrome: a cross-sectional study. Quality of Life Research, 31(12):3365-3375. doi: 10.1007/s11136-022-03192-1. Epub 2022 Jul 22. PMID: 35867322.

Belec, R.  (1992).  Quality of life: Perceptions of long-term survivors of bone marrow transplantation.  Oncology Nursing Forum, 19(1), 31-37.

Bennett, P. N., Miller, M. D., Woodman, R. J., Hill, K., Murray, S. & Gleadle, J. M. (2013). Nutrition screening by nurses in dialysis. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 22, 723-732. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2012.04286.x

Bennett, P.N., Breugelmans, L., Agius, M., Simpson-Gore, K., & Barnard, B. (2007). A Haemodialysis Exercise Program Using Novel Exercise Equipment: A Pilot Study. Journal of Renal Care, 33(4), 153-158.

Bezerra, I. F., de Sousa, V. P., dos Santos, L. C., & Viana Ede, S. (2015). [Comparison of quality of life in women with sexual dysfunction]. Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, 37(6), 266-271. doi: 10.1590/SO100-720320150005254 (in Portuguese)

Bhavanani, A. B., Ramanathan M., Madanmohan, & Srinivasan Ar. (2013). Hematological, biochemical and psychological effects of a yoga training programme in nursing students. International Research Journal of Pharmaceutical and Applied Sciences, 3(6), 17-23.

Bihl, M., Ferrans C. & Powers, M. (1998).  Comparison of stressors and quality of life of CAPD and hemodialysis patients.  American Nephrology Nurses Association Journal, 15, 27-37.

Bilican, F.I. (2016). The relationship between focused attention meditation practice habits, psychological symptoms, and quality of life. Journal of Religion and Health, 55, 1980-1995. doi:10.1007/s10943-016-0204-0

Binaei, N., Moeini, M., Sadeghi, M., Najafi, M., & Mohagheghian, Z. (2016). Effects of hope promoting interventions based on religious beliefs on quality of life of patients with congestive heart failure and their families. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 21(1), 77–83. doi: 10.4103/1735-9066.174755

Bliley, A.V. & Ferrans, C. (1993).  Quality of life after angioplasty.  Heart & Lung,  22(3), 193-199.

Bolse, K., Flemme, I. , Ivarsson, A., Jinhage, B.M., Carroll, D., Evardsson, N., Hamilton, G.A., & Fridlund, B. (2002). Life situation related to the ICD Implantation; self-reported uncertainty and satisfaction in Swedish and US samples. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 1(4), 243-25.

Borzou, S. R., Zonoori, S., Falahinia, G. H., & Soltanian, A. R. (2016). The effect of education of health promotion behaviors on quality of life in hemodialysis patients. Medical-Surgical Nursing Journal, 4(4), 20-26.

Botnariu, G., Popa, A. D., Mihai, B. M., Lacatusu, C. M., & Bulgaru-Iliescu, D. (2017). Correlations between diabetic nephropathy and life quality in a study group of Type 2 hospitalized diabetic patients. Revista de Cercetare Si Interventie Sociala, 57, 114-119.

Brillhart, B. (2004). Studying the Quality of Life and Life Satisfaction among Persons with Spinal Cord Injury Undergoing Urinary Management. Rehabilitation Nursing, 29(4), 122-126.

Brillhart, B. (2005). A study of spirituality and life satisfaction among persons with spinal cord injury. Rehabilitation Nursing, 30(1), 31-34. doi: 10.1002/j.2048-7940.2005.tb00353.x

Brooks, N. (2000).  Quality of life and the high-dependency unit.  Intensive Critical Care Nursing, 16(1), 18-32.

Buck, D., Jacoby, A. Massey, A., & Ford, G. (2000). Evaluation of Measures Used to Assess Quality of Life After Stroke. Stroke, 31, 2004-2010.

Canaval, G.E., Gonzalez, M.C., Martinez-Schallmoser, L., Tovar, M.C., Valencia, C. (2000).  Depression postparto, apoyo social y calidad de vida en mujeres de Cali, Colombia.  Colombia Medica, 31, 4-10. [in Spanish]

Cann, A., Calhoun, L. G., Tedeschi, R. G., & Solomon, D. T. (2010). Posttraumatic growth and depreciation as independent experiences and predictors of well-being. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 15, 151-166. doi: 10.1080/15325020903375826

Carroll, D., Hamilton, G., & McGovern, B. (1999).  Changes in health status and quality of life and the impact of uncertainty in patients who survive life-threatening arrhythmias.  Heart & Lung, 28(4), 251-260.

Carroll, D.L., Hamilton , G.A., & Kenney, B.J. (2002). Changes in health status, psychological distress, and quality of life in implantable cardioverter defibrillator recipients between 6 months and 1 year after implantation. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 1(3), 213-219.

Carroll, D.L., Hamilton, G.A. (2005). Quality of life in implanted cardioverter defibrillator recipients: the impact of a device shock. Heart Lung, 34(3), 169-178.

Chapin, R., Sergeant, J. F., Landry, S., Leedahl, S. N., Rachlin, R., Koenig, T., & Graham, A. (2013). Reclaiming joy: Pilot evaluation of a mental health peer support program for older adults who receive Medicaid.  The Gerontologist, 53(2), 345-352. doi: 10.1093/geront/gns120

Chen, M. & Ku, N. (1998).  Factors associated with quality of life among patients on hemodialysis.  Nursing Research (China), 6(5), 393-404.

Cho, D. & Park, C. L. (2015). Cancer-related identities in people diagnosed during late adolescence and young adulthood. British Journal of Health Psychology, 20, 594-612. doi: 10.1111/bjhp.12110

Choo, J., Burke, L.E., & Hong, K.P. (2007). Improved quality of life with cardiac rehabilitation for post-myocardial infarction patients in Korea. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 6, 166-171.

Chow, S., Ku, N., Liu, H., Pai, L.  (1997).  Factors associated with quality of life among people with adult acute leukemia.  Nursing Research (Chinese), 5(2), 182-194.

Christensen, A. V., et al. (2015). Effect of cardiac rehabilitation in patients with ICD: Are gender differences present? Results from the COPE-ICD Trial. Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology (PACE), 38, 18-27. doi: 10.1111/pace.1250

Cohen J.S., Levy H.P., Sloan J., Dariotis J., & Biesecker B.B. Depression among adults with neurofibromatosis type 1: prevalence and impact on quality of life.Clinical Genetics, 88, 425–430. doi: 101111/cge.12551

Cohen, C. I. & Murante, T. (2017). A prospective analysis of the role of cognition in three models of aging and schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research. 2018 Jun;196:22-28. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.06.022. Epub 2017 Jul 2.

Cohen, C. I., Natarajan, N., Araujo, M. & Solanki, D. (2013). Prevalence of negative symptoms and associated factors in older adults with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 21(2), 100-107. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2012.10.009

Cohen, C. I., Vengassery, A., & Garcia Aracena, E. F. (2017). A longitudinal analysis of quality of life and associated factors in older adults with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 25(7), 755-765. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2017.01.013

Corley, M.C., Elswick, R. K, Sargeant, C. C., & Scott S. (2000). Attitude, self-image, and quality of life of living kidney donors. Nephrology Nursing Journal, 1, 43-50.

Cote-Leclerc, F., Duchesne, G. B., Bolduc, P., Gelinas-Lafreniere, A., Santerre, C., Desrosiers, J. & Levasseur, M. (2017). How does playing adapted sports affect quality of life of people with mobility limitations? Results from a mixed-method sequential explanatory study. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 15(22). doi: 10.1186/s12955-017-0597-9.

Cowan, M., Young-Graham, K., & Cochrane, B. (1992).  Comparison of a theory of quality of life between myocardial infarction and malignant melanoma: A pilot study.  Progress in Cardiovascular Nursing, 7(1), 18-28.

Cribari, J., Ribas, A., Fonseca, V. R., Moretti, C. M., Zeigelboim, B. S., Martins, J., & Diniz da Rosa, M. R. (2016). Description of tinnitus and its relation to discomfort    level in a group of elderly hearing aid wearers. International Tinnitus Journal, 20(1), 36-41. doi: 10.5935/0946-5448.20160007

Crom, D., Chathaway, D., Tolley, E., Mulhern, R., Hudson, M. (1999).  Health status and health-related quality of life in long-term adult survivors of pediatric solid tumors.  International Journal of Cancer , 83 (Suppl 12), 25-31.

Cruz, J. P., Baldacchino, D. R., & Alquwez, N. (2016). Validity and reliability of the spiritual coping strategies scale Arabic version in Saudi patients undergoing haemodialysis. Journal of Renal Care 42(2), 107-114.

Cruz, J. P., Colet, P.C., Alquwez, N. Inocian, E. P., Al-Otaibi, R. S., Islam, S. M. S., (2017). Influence of religiosity and spiritual coping on health-related quality of life in Saudi haemodialysis patients. Hemodialysis International, 21, 125-132. doi: 10.1111/hdi.12441

Cruz, J. P., Colet, P.C., Qubeliat, H., Al-Otaibi, J., Coronel, E. I., Suminta, R. C. (2016). Religiosity and health-related quality of life: A cross-sectional study on Filipino Christian hemodialysis patients. Journal of Religious Health, 55, 895-908. doi: 10.1007/s10943-015-0103-9

D’Souza, M.S., & Nairy, K.S. (2003). Nursing intervention for the quality of life of diabetic adults. Clinical Effectiveness in Nursing, 7, 63-72.

D’Souza, M.S., Somayaji, G., Nairy, K.S. (2011). Determinants of reproductive health and related quality of life among Indian women in mining communities. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 67(9), 1963-1975.

da Silva, J. V., Baptista, M. N. (2016). Vitor Quality of Life Scale for the Elderly: Evidence of validity and reliability. SpringerPlus, (2016)5:1450. doi: 10.1186/s40064-016-3130-4.

Dabrowska-Bender, M., Milewska, M., Golabek, A., Duda-Zalewska, A., & Staniszewska, A. (2017). The impact of ischemic cerebral stroke on the quality of life of patients based on clinical, social, and psychoemotional factors. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, 26(1), 101-107. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.08.036

Daumer, R. & Miller, P. (1992). Effects of cardiac rehabilitation on psychosocial functioning and life satisfaction of coronary artery disease clients.  Rehabilitation Nursing, 17(2), 69-86.

de Fátima Rodrigues dos Santos, K., et al. (2016). Quality of life of people with chronic ulcers. Journal of Vascular Nursing, 34(4), 131-136.

de Gouveia Santos, V. L. C., Chaves, E. C., & Kimura, M. (2006). Quality of life and coping of persons with temporary and permanent stomas.  Journal and Wound Ostomy and Continence Nursing, 33(5), 503-509.

Dehesh, T., Zare, N., Jafari, P., Sagheb, M.M. (2014). Psychometric assessment of the Persian version of the Ferrans and Powers 3.0 index in hemodialysis patients. Int Urol Nephrol, 46, 1183-1189.

Delgado, C. (2007). Sense of Coherence, Spirituality, Stress and Quality of Life in Chronic Illness. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 39(3), 229-234.

Delunas, L. & Potempa K.  (1999).  Adaptation after treatment for heart disease: Preliminary examination within a stress appraisal context.  Heart and Lung, 28(3), 186-194.

Desai, R., Jamieson, N.V., Gimson, A.E., Watson, C.J., Gibbs, P., Bradley, J.A., Praseedom, R.K. (2008). Quality of Life up to 30 years Following Liver Transplantation. Liver Transplantation, 14, 1473-1479.

Deshotels, A., Planchock, N., Dech, Z., Prevost, S.  (1995). Gender differences in perceptions of quality of life in cardiac rehabilitation patients.  Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, 15(2), 143-148.

Dickerson, S.S., Wu, YW. B., Kennedy, M.C. (2006). A CNS-Facilitated ICD Support Group. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 20(3), 146-153. doi: 10.2174/1874192401509010083

Domingues, E. A. R., Alexandre, N. M. C., & da Silva, J. V. (2016). Cultural adaptation and validation of the Freiburg Life Quality Assessment – Wound Module to Brazilian Portuguese. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, 24, e2684. doi: 10.1590/1518-8345.0289.2684

dos Santos, A. L. P. (2013). Quality of life in professional, semiprofessional, and amateur athletes: An exploratory analysis in Brazil. SAGE Open, July-September 2013 1-8. doi: 10.1177/2158244013497723.

dos Santos, A. L. P. (2015). The perception of condition and quality of life of athletes. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 15(2), 229-237. doi: 10.7752/jpes.2015.02036

Dougherty, C., Dewhurst, T., Nichol, P., & Spertus, J. (1998). Comparison of three quality of life instruments in stable angina pectoris:  Seattle Angina Questionnaire, Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and Quality of Life Index – Cardiac Version III.  Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 51(7), 569-575.

Dow, K.H., Harris, J., Roy, C.  (1994). Pregnancy after breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy for breast cancer.  Journal of the National Cancer Institute Monographs, 16, 131-137.

Dow, K.H., Harris, J.R., & Roy, C. (1994). Pregnancy after breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy for breast cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute Monographs, 16, 131-137.

Downe-Wamboldt, B., Butler, L., Coulter, L.  (2006).  Relationship between meaning of illness, social support, coping strategies, and quality of life for lung cancer patients and their family members.  Cancer Nursing, 29(2), 111-119.

Dunn, S., Bonner, P., Lewis, S., & Meize-Grochowski, R. (1994).  Quality of life for spouses of CAPD patients.  ANNA Journal, 21(5), 237-246, 257.

Durmaz, T., Ozdemir, O., Akyunak Ozedmir, B., Keles, T., Akar Bayram, N., Bozkurt, E. (2009). Factors affecting quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 39(3), 343-351.

Eastwood, J. Doering, L., Roper, J., Hays, R. (2008).  Uncertainty and health-related quality of life one year after coronary angiography.  American Journal of Critical Care.  17(3), 232-242.

Edwards, B., & Ung, L. (2002). Quality of life instruments for caregivers of patients with cancer. Cancer Nursing, 25(5), 342-349.

Elbogen, E. B., Johnson, S. C., Newton, V. M., Timko, C., Vasterling, J. J., Van Male, L. M., … & Beckham, J. C. (2014). Protective mechanisms and prevention of violence and aggression in veterans. Psychological services, 11(2), 220. doi: 10.1037/a0035088.

Elbogen, E. B., Johnson, S. C., Wagner, H. R, Newton, V. M., & Beckham, J. C. (2012). Financial well-being and postdeployment adjustment among Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans. Military Medicine, 177(6), 669-675.

Faison, Y., Burns, D., & Weed, D. (2016). Application of Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life model to improve diabetes health outcomes: A pilot study. Holistic Nursing Practice, 30 (3), 131-138. doi: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000149.

Falcão, P. M. & Kelly, K. (2016). Association between hypertension and quality of life in pregnancy. Hypertension in Pregnancy, 35(3), 306-314. doi: 10.3109/10641955.2016.1143485.

Faris, J.& Stotts, N. (1990).  The effect of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty on quality of life.  Progress in Cardiovascular Nursing, 5(4), 132-140.

Farren, A.T. (2010). Power, Uncertainty, Self-Transcendence, and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors. Nursing Science Quarterly, 23(1), 63-71.

Fazio, M., Glaspy, J. (1991).  The impact of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on quality of life in patients with severe chronic neutropenia.  Oncology Nursing Forum, 18(8), 1411-1414.

Ferrans C.E., Powers, M., Kasch, C. (1987).  Satisfaction with health care of hemodialysis patients.  Research in Nursing and Health, 10, 367-374.

Ferrans, C.E. (1990).  Development of a quality of life index for patients with cancer.  Oncology Nursing Forum, 17(3) suppl, 15-19.

Ferrans, C.E., Cohen, F., Smith, K. (1992).  Quality of life of persons with narcolepsy.  Grief, Loss, and Care, 5, 23-32.

Ferrans, C.E., Cohen, F., Smith, K. (1992).  Quality of life of persons with narcolepsy.  In M. Goswami, C. Pollack, F. Cohen, M. Thorpy, & N. Kavey (Eds.), Psychosocial aspects of narcolepsy (pp. 23-32).  New York, NY: Hawthorn Press.

Ferrans, C.E., Powers, M. (1985).  Quality of Life Index: Development and psychometric properties.  Advances in Nursing Science, 8, 15-24.

Ferrans, C.E., Powers, M. (1992).  Psychometric assessment of the Quality of Life Index.  Research in Nursing and Health, 15, 29-38.

Ferrans, C.E., Powers, M. (1993).  Quality of life of hemodialysis patients.  ANNA Journal, 20(5), 575-581.

Flaker, G. C., Belew, K., Beckman, K., Vidaillet, H., Kron, J., Safford, R., Mickel, M., Barrell, P., and the AFFIRM Investigators. (2005). Asymptomatic atrial fibrillation: Demographic features and prognostic information from the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) study. American Heart Journal, 149(4), 658-663. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2004.06.032.

Flemme, I., Bolse, K., Ivarsson, A., Jinhage B-M., Sandstedt, B., Evardsson, N., Fridlund, B. (2001). Life situation of patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator: a descriptive longitudinal study. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 10, 563-572.

Flemme, I., Edvardsson, N., Hinic, H., Jinhage, B-M., Dalman, M., Fridlund, B. (2005). Long-term quality of life and uncertainty in patients living with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Heart and Lung, 34(6), 386-392.

Flemme, I., Johansson, I., Stromberg, A. (2011). Living with life-saving technology—coping strategies in implantable cardioverter defibrillators recipients. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 21, 311-321.

Flemons, W.W., & Reimer, M.A. (2002). Measurement properties of the Calgary sleep apnea quality of life index. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 165, 159-164.

Foldemo, A., Gullberg, M., Ek, A-C., Bogren, L. (2005). Quality of life and burden in parents of outpatients with schizophrenia. Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology, 40, 133-138.

Fox, S.  (2004). Preliminary psychometric testing of the Fox Simple quality of life scale. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, 36(3), 157-166.

Franks, J.S. (2004). Comparing perceived quality of life in nursing homes and assisted living facilities. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 43(1), 119-130.

Fuller, S. & Swenson, C. (1992).  Marital quality and quality of life among cancer patients and their spouses.  Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 10(3), 41-56.

Garcia Kawakame, P.M. & Miyadahira, A.M. (2005). Quality of life of undergraduate students in nursing. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP, REEUSP, 39 (2), 164-172. (in Portuguese)

Gaston-Johansson, F., Foxall, M. (1996).  Psychological correlates of quality of life across the autologous bone marrow transplant experience.  Cancer Nursing, 19(3), 170-176.

Gaston-Johansson, F., Lachica, E.M., Fall-Dickson, J.M., & Kennedy, M.J. (2004). Psychological distress, fatigue, burden of care, and quality of life in primary caregivers of patients with breast cancer undergoing autologous bone marrow transplantation. Oncology Nursing Forum, 31(6), 1161-1169.

Gauffin H, Landtblom AM, Vigren P, Frick A, Engström M, McAllister A, Karlsson T. (2022). Similar profile and magnitude of cognitive impairments in focal and generalized epilepsy: A pilot study. Frontiers in Neurology, 12:746381. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.746381. PMID: 35095714; PMCID: PMC8790571.

Gauhar, M., & Wajid, Y. (2016). The efficacy of EMDR in the treatment of depression. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 10(2), 59-69.

Gerstle, D.S., All, A.C., Wallace, D.C. (2001). Quality of Life and Chronic Nonmalignant Pain. Pain Management Nursing, 2(3), 98-109.

Ghadam, M. S., Poorgholami, F., Jahromi, Z. B., Parandavar, N., Kalani, N., & Rahmanian, E. (2016). Effect of self-care education by face-to-face method on the quality of life in hemodialysis patients (relying on Ferrans and Powers questionnaire). Global Journal of Health Science, 8(6), 121–127. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v8n6p121

Ghasemi, E., Aliha, J.M., Bastani, F., Samiei, N. (2014). Quality of Life in Women with Coronary Artery Disease. Iran Red Crescent Medical Journal, 16(7), 1-5.

Gianino, J., York, M., Paice, J., Shott, S.  (1998).  Quality of life: Effect of reduced spasticity from intrathecal baclofen.  Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, 30(1), 47-54.

Gollust, S.E., Thompson, R.E., Gooding, H.C., & Biesecker, B.B. (2003). Living with achondroplasia in an average-sized world: An assessment of quality of life. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 120A, 447-458.

Gomadam, P.S., Douglas, C. J., Sacrinty, M. T., Brady, M. M., Paladenech, C. C., & Robinson, K. C. (2016). Degree and direction in change of body weight in cardiac rehabilitation and impact on exercise capacity and cardiac risk factors. The American Journal of Cardiology, 117, 580-584. doi: 10.1016/j.amcard.2015.11.045

Goncher, I. D., Sherman, M. F., Barnett, J. E., & Haskins, D. (2013). Programmatic perceptions of self-care emphasis and quality of life among graduate trainees in clinical psychology: The mediational role of self-care utilization. Training and Education in Professional Psychology, 7(1), 53-60. doi: 10.1037/a0031501

Goodwin, C. L., & Emery, C. F. (2016). Lower experiential avoidance is associated with psychological well-being and improved cardiopulmonary endurance among patients in cardiac rehabilitation. Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and prevention, 36(6), 438-444. doi: 10.1097/HCR.0000000000000182

Grady, K. L., de Leon, C. F. M., Kozak, A. T., Cursio, J. F., Richardson, D., Avery, E., Calvin, J. E., Jr., & Powell, L. H. (2014). Does self-management counseling in patients with heart failure improve quality of life? Findings from the Heart Failure Adherence and Retention Trial (HART). Quality of Life Research, 23, 31-38. doi: 10.1007/s11136-013-0432-7

Grady, K., Jalowiec, A., Fazekas, S., White-Williams, C., Blood, M. (1995).  Predictors of quality of life in patients at 1-year after heart transplantation.  Circulation,  92(8, Suppl I), I-490.

Grady, K., Jalowiec, A., Hetfleisch, M. (1993).  A comparison of life satisfaction before and after heart transplantation.  Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 12, S66.

Grady, K., Jalowiec, A., Hetfliesch, M. (1992).  Predictors of quality of life in heart transplant candidates.  Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 11, 195.

Grady, K., Jalowiec, A., White-Williams, C. (1998).  Correlates of satisfaction with social support at 3 months after heart transplantation.  Circulation, 98(17, Suppl I), I-65.

Grady, K., Jalowiec, A., White-Williams, C. (1998).  Quality of life 6 months after heart transplantation compared with indicators of illness severity before transplantation.  American Journal of Critical Care, 7(2), 106-116.

Grady, K., Jalowiec, A., White-Williams, C. (1999).  Preoperative psychosocial predictors of hospital length of stay after heart transplantation.  Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 14(1), 12-26.

Grady, K., Jalowiec, A., White-Williams, C., Grusk, B., Blood, M. (1991). Health care provider interventions for heart transplant candidates.  Circulation, 84(4, Suppl) II-696.

Grady, K., Jalowiec, A., White-Williams, C., Hetfleisch, M., Penicook, J., Blood, M. (1993). Heart transplant candidates’ perception of helpfulness of health care provider interventions.  Cardiovascular Nursing, 29(5), 33-37.

Grady, K., Jalowiec, A., White-Williams, C., Pifarre, R., Costanzo-Nordin, M., Kirklin, J., Bourge, R. (1992).  Quality of life at one year after heart transplantation.  Circulation, 86(4 Supp 1), I-702.

Grady, K.L. Jalowiec, A., White-Williams, C. (1998). Patient Compliance at One Year and Two Years After Heart Transplantation. Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 17(4), 383-394.

Grady, K.L., Jalowiec, A. (1995). Predictors of compliance with diet 6 months after heart transplantation. Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 24(5), 359-368.

Grady, K.L., Jalowiec, A., White-Williams, C. (1996). Improvement in Quality of Life in Patients with Heart Failure Who Undergo Transplantation. Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 15(8), 749-757.

Grady, K.L., Jalowiec, A., White-Williams, C. (1999). Predictors of Quality of Life in Patients at One Year after Heart Transplantation. Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 18(3), 202-210.

Grady, K.L., Jalowiec, A., White-Williams, C., Pifarre, R., Kirklin, J.K., Bourge, R.C., Costanzo, M.R. (1995). Predictors of Quality of Life in Patients with Advanced Heart Failure Awaiting Transplantation. Journal of Heart and Transplantation, 14(1 part 1), 2-10.

Grady, K.L., Meyer, P., Mattea, A., Dressler, D., Ormaza, S., White-Williams, C., Chillcott, S., Kaan, A., Todd, B., Loo, A., Klemme, A.L., Piccione, W., & Costanzo, M.R. (2002). Predictors of quality of life at 1 month after implantation of a left ventricular assist device. American Journal of Critical Care, 11(4), 345-352.

Grady, K.L., Meyer, P., Mattea, A., White-Williams, C., Ormaza, S., Kaan, A., Todd, B., Chillcott, S., Dressler, D. Fu, A., Piccione, W., Rosa Costanzo, M. (2001). Improvement in Quality of Life Outcomes 2 Weeks After Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation. Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 20(6), 657-669.

Greene, R.A. (2005). Using the Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life Index of Dialysis: A comparison of quality of life in older and younger African Americans receiving hemodialysis. Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation, 21(3), 230-232.

Grutsch JF, Ferrans C, Wood PA, Du-Quiton J, Quiton DF, Reynolds JL, Ansell CM, Oh EY, Daehler MA, Levin RD, Braun DP, Gupta D, Lis CG, Hrushesky WJ.  (2011).  Association of quality of life with potentially remediable disruptions of circadian sleep-activity rhythms in patients with advanced lung cancer.  BMC Cancer, 11: 193-205.

Grzegorzewska, A. E., Izdebska, A., Niepolski, L., Warchol, W. & Jagodzinski, P. P. (2016). Self-reported physical activity, quality of life, and psychological status in relation to Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D concentration in patients treated with hemodialysis. Kidney & Blood Pressure Research, 41, 886-900. doi: 10.1159/000452585

Gullberg, M. T., Hollman-Frisman, G., & Ek, A.-C. (2010). Reference values for the Quality of Life Index in the general Swedish population 18-80 years of age. Quality of Life Research, 19, 751-760. doi: 10.1007/s11136-010-9627-3

Gupta, D., Grutsch, J.F., Lis, C.G. (2008). Comparison of Two Quality of Life Instruments for Cancer Patients: The Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life Index and the European Organisation for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30. Journal of the Society for Integrative Oncology, 6(1), 13-18.

Gupta, D., Lis, C.G., Granick, J., Grutsch, J.F. (2007). The prognostic association of health-related quality of life scores with survival in breast cancer. Support Care Cancer, 15, 387-393.

Gupta, D., Lis, C.G., Grutsch, J.F. (2007). Perceived cancer-related financial difficulty: implications for patient satisfaction with quality of life in advanced cancer. Support Care Cancer, 15, 1051-1056.

Gupta, D., Lis, C.G., Grutsch, J.F. (2007). The Relationship Between Cancer-Related Fatigue and Patient Satisfaction with Quality of Life in Cancer. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 34(1), 40-47.

Gupta, D., Lis, C.G., Grutsch, J.F. (2007). The relationship between dyspnea and patient satisfaction with quality of life in advanced cancer. Support Care Cancer, 15, 533-538.

Hacker, E. D. & Ferrans, C. E. (2003). Quality of life immediately after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Cancer Nursing, 26(4), 312-322.

Hacker, E., Ferrans, C. (2007).  Ecological momentary assessment of fatigue in patients receiving intensive cancer therapy.  Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 33(3), 267-275.

Hacker, E., Ferrans, C., Verlen, E., Ravandi, F., van Besien, K,. Gelms, J., Dieterle, N.  (2006). Fatigue and physical activity in patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.  Oncology Nursing Forum, 33(3), 614-624.

Hagell, P., Westergren, A. (2006). The significance of importance: An evaluation of Ferrans and Powers’ Quality of Life Index. Quality of Life Research, 15, 867-876.

Halabi, J. O. (2006). Psychometric properties of the Arabic version of Quality of Life Index. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 55(5), 604-611.

Hamilton, G.A., & Carroll, D.L. (2004). The effects of age on quality of life in implantable cardioverter defibrillator recipients. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 13, 194-200.

Hamrin, E.K.F., Gustafsson, G., Jaracz, K. (2012). Quality of life among the elderly with locomotor disabilities in Sweden and Poland in the 1990s. Quality of Life Research, 21, 281-289.

Hanchett, M. (2001). Quality of Life of Cancer Patients Receiving Home Infusion Services. Journal of Infusion Nursing, 24(4), 244-248.

Handy, J.R., Asaph, J.W., Douville, E.C., Ott, G.Y., Grunkemeier, G.L., Wu, Y. (2010). Does video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy for lung cancer provide improved functional outcomes compared with open lobectomy? European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 37, 451-455.

Handy, J.R., Asaph, J.W., Skokan, L., Reed, C.E., Koh, S., Brooks, G., Douville, E.C., Tsen, A.C., Ott, G.Y., & Silvestri, G.A. (2002). What happens to patients undergoing lung cancer surgery? Chest, 122(1), 21-30.

Hardy TLD, Rieger JM, Wells K, Boliek CA. (2021). Associations between voice and gestural characteristics of transgender women and self-rated femininity, satisfaction, and quality of life. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 30(2):663-672. doi: 10.1044/2020_AJSLP-20-00118. Epub 2021 Mar 1. PMID: 33647217.

Hargrove-Huttel, R.A. (1988).  Virginia Henderson’s nature of nursing theory and quality of life for the older adult.  Dissertation Abstracts International, 49/08B, p. 3104.

Hatami H, Dehkordi AH, Tali SS, Lotfizadeh M, Ganji H. (2022). The effect of educational program (based on BASNEF model) on quality of life and adherence to treatment in patients with myocardial infarction in Shahrekord, Iran. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 11(39): 1-10. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_588_21. PMID: 35281406; PMCID: PMC8893088.

Hathaway, D., Hartwig, M., Milstead, J., Elmer, D., Evans, S., Gaber, A. (1994).  A prospective study of changes in quality of life reported by diabetic recipients of kidney-only and pancreas-kidney allografts.  Journal of Transplant Coordination, 4, 12-17.

Hathaway, D., Hartwig, M., Milstead, J., Elmer, D., Evans, S., Gaber, A. (1994).  Improvement in quality of life reported by diabetic recipients of kidney-only and pancreas-kidney allografts.  Transplantation Proceedings, 26(2), 512-514.

Hathaway, D., Hartwig, M., Winsett, R., Gaber, A. (1992).  Quality of life 6-12 months after renal transplant.  ANNA Journal, 19(2), 152.

Haung, K., Ku, N., Liu, H., Ho, H., Wei, J.  (1996). Factors related to quality of life of adults after heart transplantation.  Nursing Research, 4(4), 333-344.

Hawthorne, M. & Hixon, M. (1994). Functional status, mood disturbance, and quality of life in patients with heart failure.  Progress in Cardiovascular Nursing, 9(1), 22-32.

Hayter, A. L., Salkovskis, P. M., Silber, E. & Morris, R. G. (2016). The impact of health anxiety in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: Misperception, misattribution, and quality of life. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55, 371-386. doi: 10.1111/bjc.12106

Haywood, K.L., Garratt, A.M., Fitzpatrick, R. (2005). Quality of life in older people: A structured review of generic self-assessed health instruments. Quality of Life Research, 14, 1651-1668.

Hegarty, J.M., Wallace, M., Comber, H. (2008). Uncertainty and Quality of Life Among Men Undergoing Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer in the United States and Ireland. American Journal of Men’s Health, 2(2), 133-142.

Henderson, W.A., Fall-Dickson, J.M., Schlenk, E.A., Kim, K.H., Matthews, J.T., Erlen, J.A. (2008). Effects of Liver Disease on the Well-Being of Persons Living With HIV. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 19(5), 368-374.

Hicks, F., Larson, J. & Ferrans, C. (1992).  Quality of life after liver transplantation.  Research in Nursing and Health, 15, 111-119.

Hill, P. D., Aldag, J. C., Hekel, B., Riner, G. & Bloomfield, P. (2006). Maternal postpartum Quality of Life Questionnaire. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 14(3), 205-220.

Hinds, C. (1990).  Personal and contextual factors predicting patients’ reported quality of life: exploring congruency with Betty Newman’s assumptions.  Journal of Advanced Nursing, 15, 456-462.

Hixon, M. (1992). Perceived quality of life before and after percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty.  Heart and Lung, 21(3), 290.

Hoffman, A. J., Brintnall, R. A., von Eye, A., Jones, L. W., Alderink, G., Patzelt, L. H., & Brown, J. K. (2014). Home-based exercise: promising rehabilitation for symptom relief, improved functional status and quality of life for post-surgical lung cancer patients. Journal of Thoracic Disease, 6(6), 632-640. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.06.08

Hoffman, A. J., Brintnall, R. A., von Eye, A., Jones, L. W., Alderink, G., Patzelt, L. H., & Brown, J. K. (2014). Rehabilitation program for lung cancer patients during post-thoracotomy chemotherapy.  Onco Targets and Therapy, 7, 415-423.

Hollander, S.A. (2015). Quality of life and metrics of achievement in long-term adult survivors of pediatric heart transplant. Pediatric Transplantation, 19(1), 76-81. doi: 10.1111/petr.12384

Hollman, G., Gullberg, M., Ek, A.C., Eriksson, M., & Olsson, A.G. (2002). Quality of life in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Journal of Internal Medicine, 251, 331-337.

Hollman, G., Olsson, A.G., & Ek, A.C. (2003). Familial hypercholesterolaemia and quality of life in family members. Preventive Medicine, 36, 569-574.

Hosseini, S. M., Mousavi, M.T., Rafiee, H., Karimi, S. E., (2016). The effect of social capital enhancement on quality of life, treatment compliance and pain in patients with breast cancer. Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention, 9(5), e4618. doi: https://doi.org/10.17795/ijcp-4618

Hrushesky, W.J.M., Grutsch, J., Wood, P., Yang, X., Eun-Young, O., Ansell, C., Kidder, S., Ferrans, C., Du-Quiton, J. Quiton, D.F.T., Reynolds, J., Levin, R., Lis, C., Braun, D. (2009). Circadian Clock Manipulation for Cancer Prevention and Control and the Relief of Cancer Symptoms. Integrative Cancer Therapies, 8(4), 387-397.

Hsieh, C.C., Sprod, L.K., Hydock, D.S., Carter, S.D., Hayward, R., Schneider, C.M. (2008). Effects of a supervised exercise intervention on recovery from treatment regimens in breast cancer survivors. Oncology Nursing Forum, 35(6), 909-915.

Huang, C. Y., Hsu, M. C., Hsu, S. P., Cheng, P. C., Lin, S. F., & Chuang, C. H. (2010). Mediating roles of social support on poststroke depression and quality of life in patients with ischemic stroke. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 19(19‐20), 2752-2762. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2010.03327.x

Huang, S.M., Lee, C.H., Chien, L.Y., Liu, H.E., & Tai, C.J. (2004). Postoperative quality of life among patients with thyroid cancer. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 47(5), 492-499.

Hughes, K. K. (1993).  Psychosocial and functional status of breast cancer patients.  Cancer Nursing, 16(3), 222-229.

Hughes, K. K., Elstein, A., Chapman, G. (1994). Decision support for patients with breast cancer. Innovations in Oncology Nursing, 10(1), 18-21.

Huss, K., Naumann, P.L., Mason, P.J., Nanda, J.P., Huss, R.W., Smith, C.M., Hamilton, R.G. (2001). Asthma severity, atopic status, allergen exposure, and quality of life in elderly persons. Annals of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology, 86, 524-530.

Ikeuchi, H., & Fujihara, T. (2000). The effects of loss of material possessions and social support network on the quality of life (QOL): The great Hanshin earthquake victims. The Japanese Journal of Social Psychology, 16(2), 92-102. doi: 10.14966/jssp.KJ00003724848  (in Japanese)

Jablonski, A. (2007). Level of Symptom Relief and the Need for Palliative Care in the Hemodialysis Population. Journal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing, 9(1), 50-58.

Jablonski, A. (2007). The Multidimensional Characteristics of Symptoms Reported by Patients on Hemodialysis. Nephrology Nursing Journal, 34(1), 29-38.

Jalowiec, A., Grady, K., & White-Williams, C. (1994).  Stressors in patients awaiting a heart transplant.  Behavioral Medicine, 19, 145-154.

Jalowiec, A., Grady, K., Grusk, B., Schlesser, P., Wolwiec, K. (1990).  Predictors of quality of life in pre-op cardiac transplant patients.  Circulation, 82(4 Suppl), III-705.

Jang MK, Kim SH, Ko YH, Han J, Kim SY, Kim S. (2022). Comparing disease-specific and generic quality of life in Korean breast cancer survivors using the FACT-B and QLI: Importance of instrument selection. Integrative Cancer Therapies, 21:1-7. doi: 10.1177/15347354221085491. PMID: 35289219; PMCID: PMC8928382.

Jang, M. K., Kim, S., Park, C.G., Collins, E. G., Quinn, L. T., & Ferrans, C. E. (2022). Quality of life and prolonged symptoms in Korean breast cancer survivors. Cancer Nursing, 45(1):E124-E133. PMID: 33003122.

Jaracz, K. & Kozubski, W. (2003). Quality of life in stroke patients. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 107, 324-329. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0404.2003.02078.x

Jenkins, L. & Bubien, R. (1996).  Quality of life in patients with atrial fibrillation.  Cardiology Clinics, 14(4), 597-606.

Jenkins, L., Ellenbogen, K., Kay, N., Guidici, M., et al. (1995).  Quality of life in patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation.  Circulation, 92(8 Suppl I), I-490.

Jenkins, L., Ellenbogen, K., Kay, N., Guidici, M., et al. (1996).  Quality of life post-ablation/ pacemaker implantation in patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation.  Circulation, 94(8 Suppl I), I-581.

Jenkins, L., Steinberg, J., Kutalek, S., Cook, J., et al.  (1997).  Quality of life in patients enrolled in the antiarrhythmics versus implantable defibrillators (AVID) trial.  Circulation, (Supp I), I-439.

Jiang, R. F., Tong, H. Q., Delucchi, K. L., Neylan, T. C., Shi, Q., & Meffert, S. M. (2014). Interpersonal psychotherapy versus treatment as usual for PTSD and depression among Sichuan earthquake survivors: a randomized clinical trial. Conflict and Health, 8(1), 14.

Johansson, I., Larsson, G., Hamrin, E. (1998). Sense of coherence, quality of life, and function among elderly hip fracture patients. Aging Clin. Exp. Res., 10(5), 377-384.

Johansson, I.S., Hamrin, E.K.F., & Larsson, G. (2002). Psychometric testing of the NEECHAM confusion scale among patients with hip fracture. Research in Nursing & Health, 25, 203-211.

Johnson, C., Wicks, MK., Milstead, J., Hartwig, M., and Hathaway, D. (1998).  Racial and gender differences in quality of life following kidney transplantation.  Image: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 30(2), 125-130.

Johnson, D. A., Sacrinty, M. T., Gomadam, P. S., Mehta, H. J., Brady, M. M., Douglas, C. J., … & Robinson, K. C. (2014). Effect of early enrollment on outcomes in cardiac rehabilitation. The American Journal of Cardiology, 114(12), 1908-1911. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.09.036

Johnson, D., Casey, L. & Noriega, B. (1994).  A pilot study of patient quality of life during radiation therapy treatment.  Quality of Life Research, 3, 267-272.

Johnson, D., Sacrinty, M., Mehta, H., Douglas, C., Paladenech, C., & Robinson, K. (2015). Cardiac rehabilitation in African Americans: Evidence for poorer outcomes compared with whites, especially in women and diabetic participants. American Heart Journal, 169(1), 102-107. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2014.09.009

Jordan , M., & Delunas, L. (2001). Quality of life and patterns of nontraditional therapy use by patients with cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum, 28(7), 1107-1113.

Kalyani, H.H.N., Dassanayake, S., Senarath, U. (2015). Effects of paraplegia on quality of life and family economy among patients with spinal cord injuries in selected hospitals in Sri Lanka. Spinal Cord, 53, 446-450.

Kamran, F. & Fife-Schaw, C. (2012). Depression among renal transplant recipients in Pakistan. Journal of Behavioural Sciences, 22(2), 55-66.

Kamran, F. & Fife-Schaw, C. (2014). Causal relationships among depression and quality of life: A cross-lagged analysis. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 29(2), 171-186.

Kamran, F. & Fife-Schaw, C. (2014). Sociodemographic correlates of quality of life in renal transplant recipients Pakistan: A longitudinal study. Journal of Behavioural Sciences, 24(2), 37-51.

Kanakubo A, Mizuno M, Asano Y, Inoue Y. (2021). Acceptability to making a self-assessment using a tablet computer and health-related quality of life in ambulatory breast cancer patients. Asia Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing; 9(2):105-112. doi: 10.1016/j.apjon.2021.12.011. PMID: 35529417; PMCID: PMC9072175.

Kanji, N., White, A.R., & Ernst, E. (2004). Autogenic training reduces anxiety after coronary angioplasty: A randomized clinical trial. American Heart Journal, 147(3), K1-K4.

Katsuno, T. (2003). Personal spirituality of persons with early-stage dementia. Dementia, 2(3), 315-335.

Katsuno, T. (2005). Dementia from the inside: how people with early-stage dementia evaluate their quality of life. Ageing & Society, 25, 197-214.

Keithley, J., Zeller, J., Szeluga, D. & Urbanski, P. (1992). Nutritional alterations in persons with HIV infections.  Image, 24(3), 183-189.

Keresztes, P.A., Merritt, S.L., Holm, K., Penckofer, S., & Patel, M. (2003). The coronary artery bypass experience: gender differences. Heart & Lung, 32(5), 308-319.

Killingworth, A., van den Akker, O.  (1996).  The quality of life of renal patients: Trying to find the missing measurement.  International Journal of Nursing Studies, 33(1), 107-120.

Kim, P., Warren, S., Madill, H., & Hadley, M.  (1999).  Quality of life of stroke survivors.  Quality of Life Research, 8, 293-301.

Kim, S. & Rew, L. (1994). Ethnic identity, role integration, quality of life, and depression in Korean-American women.  Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 8(6), 348-356.

Kim, S.H., Oh, E.G., Lee, W.H. (2006). Symptom experience, psychological distress, and quality of life in Korean patients with liver cirrhosis: A cross-sectional survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 43, 1047-1056.

Kimura, M., da Silva, J.V. (2009). Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life Index. Rev Esc Enferm USP, 43(Spe), 1096-1102.

King, R. (1996). Quality of life after stroke. Stroke, 27(9), 1468-1472.

Kinnick, V. G. & Leners, D. W. (1995). Impact of hysterectomies on women’s lives: A prospective study. Journal of Women and Aging, 7(1/2), 133-144. doi: 10.1300/J074v07n01_10

Kleinpell, R.M., & Ferrans, C.E. (2002). Quality of life of elderly patients after treatment in the ICU. Research in Nursing & Health, 25, 212-221.

Knafl, K.A., Knafl, G.J., Gallo, A.M., Angst, D. (2007). Parents’ perceptions of functioning in families having a child with a genetic condition. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 16(4), 481-492.

Koltowski, L., Koltowska-Haggstrom, M., Filipiak, K. J., Kochman, J., Golicki, D., Pietrasik, A., … & Opolski, G. (2014). Quality of life in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention—radial versus femoral access (from the OCEAN RACE Trial). The American Journal of Cardiology, 114(4), 516-521. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.05.030

Kolz, N. (1989). Self-perceived quality of life following cardiac surgery.  Heart & Lung, 18(3), 304.

Korkut, Y. (2007). The Reliability and Validity Study of the Turkish Version of Ferrans and Power’s Quality of Life Index for Dialysis Patients. Archives of Neuropsychiatry. 44(1), 14-18.

Kovacs, F. M., Barriga, A., Royuela, A., Seco, J. & Zamora, J. (2016). Spanish adaptation of the Quality of Life Index-Spinal Cord Injury version. Spinal Cord 54, 895–900. doi:10.1038/sc.2015.200

Kristofferzon, M.L., L ö fmark, R., & Carlsson, M. (2005). Coping, social support and quality of life over time after myocardial infarction. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 52(2), 113-124.

Kurucova, R., Ziakova, K., Gurkova, E. & Simkova, E. (2014). Quality of life of patients with a permanent pacemaker. Osetrovatelstvi a porodni asistence, 5(1), 15-20.

Lai, B., Rimmer, J., Barstow, B., Jovanov, E. & Bickel, C. S. (2016). Teleexercise for persons with spinal cord injury: A mixed-methods feasibility case series. JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies, 3(2), e8. doi: 10.2196/rehab.5524

Larivière, N., Denis, C., Payeur, A., Ferron, A., Levesque, S., & Rivard, G. (2016). Comparison of objective and subjective life balance between women with and without a personality disorder. Psychiatric Quarterly, 87(4), 663-673. doi: 10.1007/s11126-016-9417-3

Larrabee, J.H., Ostrow, C.L., Withrow, M.L., Janney, M.A., Hobbs Jr. G.R., & Burant, C. (2004). Predictors of patient satisfaction with inpatient hospital nursing care. Research in Nursing & Health, 27, 254-268.

Laws, R., Tapsell, L., & Kelly, J.  (2000).  Nutritional status and its relationship to quality of life in a sample of chronic hemodialysis patients.  Journal of Renal Nutrition, 10(3), 139-147.

Lee, C.O.  (1997).  Quality of life and breast cancer survivors: Psychosocial and treatment issues.  Cancer Practice, 5(5), 309-316.

Lefaiver, C.A., Keough, V.A., Letizia, M., Lanuza, D.M. (2009). Quality of line in caregivers providing care for lung transplant candidates. Progress in Transplantation, 19(2), 142-152.

Levasseur, M., Couture, M. (2015). Coping strategies associated with participation and quality of life in older adults. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 82(1), 44-53.

Levasseur, M., Desrosiers, J. & Noreau, L. (2004). Is social participation associated with quality of life of older adults with physical disabilities? Disability and Rehabilitation, 26(20), 1206-1213.

Levasseur, M., Desrosiers, J. (2010). Accomplishment level and satisfaction with social participation of older adults: association with quality of life and best correlates. Qual Life Res, 19, 665-675.

Levasseur, M., Desrosiers, J., & Noreau, L. (2004). Relationships between environment and quality of life of older adults with physical disabilities. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics, 22(3), 37-53.

Levasseur, M., Desrosiers, J., St-Cyr Tribble, D. (2008). Do quality of life, participation and environment of older adults differ according to level of activity? Health and Quality of life outcomes, 6(30), 1-11.

Levasseur, M., Desrosiers, J., St-Cyr Tribble, D. (2008). Subjective Quality-of-Life Predictors for Older Adults with Physical Disabilities. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, 87(10), 830-841.

Levasseur, M., St-Cyr Tribble, D. & Desrosiers, J. (2006). Analyse du concept qualité de vie dans le contexte des personnes âgées avec incapacités physiques. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 73(3), 153-167.

Levin, R.D., Daehler, M.A., Grutsch, J.F., Quiton, J., Lis, C.G., Peterson, C., Gupta, D., Watson, K., Layer, D., Huff-Adams, S., Desai, B., Sharma, P., Wallam, M., Delioukina, M., Ball, P., Ashford, M., Copeland, D., Ohmori, M., Wood, P.A., & Hrushesky, W.J.M. (2005). Circadian function in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. British Journal of Cancer, 93(11), 1202-1208.

Lewko, J., Sycewicz, A., Ostapowicz, K. V. D., Sierżantowicz, R., & Krajewska-Kułak, E. (2015). Determinants of quality of life in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes treated in hospital and outpatient clinic: a comparative study. International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries, 35(2), 145-147. doi: 10.1007/s13410-014-0280-1

Liao, Y.-C., Shun, S.-C., Liao, W.-Y., Yu, C.-J., Yang, P.-C. & Lai, Y.-H. (2014). Quality of life and related factors in patients with newly diagnosed advanced lung cancer: A longitudinal study. Oncology Nursing Forum, 41(2), E44-E55. doi: 10.1188/14.ONF.E44-E55

Lima, T. C., Paixão, F. R., Candido, E. C., Ceolim, M. F., & Mansana-Schlosser, T. C. (2015). Quality of life of nursing professionals of a university hospital. Journal of Nursing UFPE Online, 9(11), 9733-9739. doi: 10.5205/reuol.8008-72925-1-ED.0911201512

Lima-Lara, A. C., & Fermandes, R. A. Q. (2010). Quality of life in the mediate postpartum: a quantitative study. Online Brazilian Journal of Nursing (Online), 9(1), https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-4285.20102815. (in Portuguese).

Lin, C., Liu, H., & Liao, J.  (1993).  An exploration of the influencing factors of the quality of life of renal transplant patients.  Nursing Research, 1(4), 369-380.

Lin, C., Liu, H., Wang, J.  (1996).  An exploration of quality of life and related factors for patients with colorectal cancer.  Nursing Research (China), 4(1), 13-26.

Lindquist, L. K., Love, H. C., & Elbogen, E. B. (2016). Traumatic brain injury in Iraq and Afghanistan veterans: New results from a national random sample study. The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences (JNCN) in Advance. doi: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.16050100

Lis, C.G., Cambron, J.A., Grutsch, J.F., Granick, J. Gupta, D. (2006). Self-reported quality of life in users and nonusers of dietary supplements in cancer. Support Care Cancer, 14, 193-199.

Lis, C.G., Gupta, D., Granick, J., Grutsch, J.F. (2006). Can patient satisfaction with quality of life predict survival in advanced colorectal cancer? Support Care Cancer, 14, 1104-1110.

Lis, C.G., Gupta, D., Grutsch, J.F. (2006). Patient Satisfaction with Quality of Life as a Predictor of Survival in Pancreatic Cancer. International Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer, 37(1), 35-43.

Lis, C.G., Gupta, D., Grutsch, J.F. (2008). Patient Satisfaction with Health-Related Quality of Life: Implications for Prognosis in Prostate Cancer.  Clinical Genitourinary Cancer, 6(2), 91-96.

Lis, C.G., Gupta, D., Grutsch, J.F. (2008). The relationship between insomnia and patient satisfaction with quality of life in cancer. Support Care Cancer, 16, 261-266.

Lis, C.G., Gupta, D., Grutsch, J.F. (2009). Can anorexia predict patient satisfaction with quality of life in advanced cancer? Support Care Cancer, 17, 129-135.

Liu, H. (1993).  An exploration of the psychometrics of the Quality of Life Index with Chinese families. Nursing Research [Chinese], 1(2), 127-136.

LoBiondio-Wood, G., Williams, L., Wood, R., Shaw, B.  (1997).  Impact of liver transplantation on quality of life: a longitudinal perspective.  Applied Nursing Research, 10(1), 27-32.

Madarshahian S, Guerrero T, Aung PT, et al. (2023). The RISES System: An innovative and activity-based closed-loop platform for spinal cord injury rehabilitation and recovery. Research Square; 2023. DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3186125/v1.

Manee, F., Nadar, M., Al-Naser, M., & Al-Ramezi, K. (2013). Quality of life among Kuwaiti women living with chronic neuromuscular conditions. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 8(2), 201–217. doi: 10.1007/s11482-012-9189-3

Martinez-Schallmoser, L., Telleen, S., & MacMullen , N.J. (2003). The effect of social support and acculturation on postpartum depression in Mexican American women. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 14(4), 329-338.

Martins, A. C. (2015). Using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) to address facilitators and barriers to participating at work.Work, 50(2015), 583-593. doi: 10.3233.WOR-141965

May, L.A. , & Warren, S. (2001). Measuring quality of life of persons with spinal cord injury: Substantive and structural validation. Quality of Life Research, 10, 503-515.

May, L.A. , & Warren, S. (2002). Measuring quality of life of persons with spinal cord injury: external and structural validity. Spinal Cord, 40, 341-350.

McEntee, D.J.,  & Badenhop, D.T. (2000).  Quality of life comparisons:  Gender and population differences in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation.  Heart and Lung, 29(5), 340-347.

Mellors, M.P., Riley, T., Erlen, J. (1997).  HIV, self-transcendence, and quality of life.  Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 8(2), 59-69.

Mendoza-Ruvalcaba, N.M., Arias-Merino, E.D. (2015). “I am active”: effects of a program to promote active aging. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 10, 829-837.

Metcalfe, K. A., Semple, J., Quan, M.-L., Holloway, C., Wright, F., Narod, S., Hofer, S., Bagher, S., & Zhong, T. (2017). Why some mastectomy patients opt to undergo delayed breast reconstruction: Results of a long-term prospective study. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 139(2), 267-275. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000002943

Mezzich, J. E., Ruiperez, M. A., Perez, C., Yoon, G., Liu, J., & Mahmud, S. (2000). The Spanish version of the Quality of Life Index: Presentation and validation. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 188(5), 301-305.

Mizuno M, Munezawa N, Yamashita M, Sasahara T, Mayers T, Park C, Ferrans CE. (2020). Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Quality of Life Index for patients with cancer. Research in Nursing and Health, 43(2):176-185. doi: 10.1002/nur.22011. Epub 2020 Jan 27. PMID: 31985085.

Mizuno, M., Munezawa, N., Onizuka, M. et al. (2022). Health related quality of life and factors relevant to return to work in cancer survivors after hospital discharge: a descriptive cross-sectional study. Discover Social Science and Health, 2(23), Epub online 2022 Nov 24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44155-022-00026-w.

Mizuno, M., Sugimoto, K., Mayers, T., Ferrans, C.  (2019).  Ensuring cultural and cognitive integrity in instrument translation: Quality of Life Index for Japanese cancer patients.  Asia Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing, 6(1), 64-71.

Moattari, M., Ebrahimi, M., Sharifi, N., & Rouzbeh, J. (2012). The effect of empowerment on the self-efficacy, quality of life and clinical and laboratory indicators of patients treated with hemodialysis: a randomized controlled trial. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 10(1), 115.

Mortenson, W.B., Noreau, L., Miller, W.C. (2010). The relationship between and predictors of quality of life after spinal cord injury at 3 and 15 months after discharge. Spinal Cord, 48, 73-79.

Nabolsi, M. M, Wardam, L. & Al-Halabi, J. O. (2015). Quality of life, depression, adherence to treatment and illness perception of patients on haemodialysis. International Journal of Nursing Practice, 21, 1-10. doi: 10.1111/ijn.12205

Naz, S. & Kamran, F. (2016). Depression and anxiety as predictors of perceived quality of life among breast cancer survivors. Journal of the Dow University of Health Science Karachi. 10(3), 87-91.

Nesbitt, B. & Heidrich, S.  (2000). Sense of coherence and illness appraisal in older women’s quality of life.  Research in Nursing and Health, 23, 25-34.

Newman, D. (2005). Atrial fibrillation and quality of life: Clarity or evidence-based confusion? American Heart Journal, 149(1), 4-6.

Nunes, J., Raymond, S., Nicholas, P., Leuner, J., Webster, A.  (1995).  Social support, quality of life, immune function, and health in persons living with HIV. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 13(2), 174-198.

Ozer, Z.C., & Efe, E. (2006). Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life Index diabetes version. Saudi Medical Journal, 27(1), 123-125.

Paice, J.A., Ferrans, C.E., Lashley, F.R., Shott, S., Vizgirda, V., & Pitrak, D.  (2000).  Topical capsaicin in the management of HIV-associated peripheral neuropathy.  Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 19, 45-52.

Papadantonaki, A., Stotts, N., & Paul, S. (1994).  Comparison of quality of life before and after coronary artery bypass surgery and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.  Heart and Lung, 23(1), 45-52.

Parekh, N. K., Shah, S., McMaster, K., Speziale, A., Yun, L., Nguyen, D. L., … & Kane, S. (2017). Effects of caregiver burden on quality of life and coping strategies utilized by caregivers of adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Annals of Gastroenterology: Quarterly Publication of the Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology, 30(1), 89. doi: 10.20524/aog.2016.0084

Park, C. L., & Cho, D. (2016). Spiritual well‐being and spiritual distress predict adjustment in adolescent and young adult cancer survivors. Psycho‐Oncology, 2016. (Online). doi: 10.1002/pon.4145

Park, C. L., Wortmann, J. H., Hale, A. E., Cho, D., & Blank, T. O. (2014). Assessing quality of life in young adult cancer survivors: development of the Survivorship-Related Quality of Life scale. Quality of Life Research, 23(8), 2213-2224. doi: 10.1007/s11136-014-0682-z

Parker, K.P., Bliwise, D.L., Bailey, J.L., & Rye , D.B. (2005). Polysomnographic measures of nocturnal sleep in patients on chronic, intermittent daytime haemodialysis vs. those with chronic kidney disease. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 20, 1422-1428.

Parsons, C. (1993).  Life satisfaction of the home care client.  Caring, 12(7), 82-83, 85.

Patterson, P.K., & Chapman, N.J. (2004). Urban form and older residents’ service use, walking, driving, quality of life, and neighborhood satisfaction. American Journal of Health Promotion, 19(1), 45-52.

Pawlowska-Cyprysiak, K., Konarska, M., Zolnierczyk-Zreda, D. (2013). Self-Perceived Quality of Life of People With Physical Disabilities and Labout Force Participation. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 19(2), 185-194.

Pedro, L.W. (2001).  Quality of Life for Long-Term Survivors of Cancer. Cancer Nursing, 24(1), 1-11.

Penckofer, S., Ferrans, C.E., Fink, N., Barrett, M.L., & Holm, K. (2005). Quality of life in women following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Nursing Science Quarterly, 18(2), 176-183.

Penckofer, S., Quinn, L., Byrn, M., Ferrans, C., Miller, M., Strange, P.  (2012). Does glycemic variability impact mood and quality of life? Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics, 14 (4), 303-310.

Persenius, M., Rystedt, I., Wilde-Larsson, B., & Baath, C. (2015). Quality of life and sense of coherence in young people and adults with uncomplicated epilepsy: A longitudinal study. Epilepsy & Behavior, 47, 127-131. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.04.002

Petchprapai, N. (2017). Quality of life among mild traumatic brain injured adults. The Journal of Nursing Research, 25(1). 51-58. doi: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000119

Peters, K.F., Kong, F., Hanslo, M., Biesecker, B.B. (2002). Living with marfan syndrome III. Quality of life and reproductive planning. Clinical Genetics, 62, 110-120.

Pinto, C., Pais Ribeiro, J.L. (2000). A qualidade de vida de jovens/adultos submetidos a transplante renal na infancia. Qualidade de vida, 18(1), 11-19.

Plank, D. (1994).  Framing treatment options: a method to enhance informed consent…addressing quality of life issues that are important to the client.  Clinical Nursing Specialist, 8(4), 174-178.

Poorgholami, F., Jahromi, M. K., Kalani, N., & Parniyan, R. (2016). The influence of educational interventions based on the continuous care model on the quality of life of hemodialysis patients. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 13(1), 441-448. doi: 10.13005/bbra/2052

Porter, H.  (1998).  Health resource utilization and quality of life outcomes of low-risk coronary artery bypass graft patients: a comparison study.  Canadian Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 9(1), 10-15.

Queen, A. H., Donaldson, D. L., & Luiselli, J. K. (2015). Interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy as an integrated treatment approach for co-occurring Bipolar I and Social Anxiety Disorder. Clinical Case Studies, 14(6). doi: 10.1177/1534650115571663

Rambod, M., Farkhondeh, S., Pourali-Mohammadi, N., Pasyar, N., Rafii, Forough. (2014). Evaluation of the effect of Benson’s relaxation technique on pain and quality of life of haemodialysis patients: A randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 51, 964-973.

Rambod, M., Rafii, F. (2010). Perceived social support and quality of life in Iranian hemodialysis patients. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 42(3), 242-249.

Rambod, M., Shabani, M., Shokrpour, N., Rafii, F., Mohammadalliha, J. (2011). Quality of life of hemodialysis and renal transplantation patients. Health Care Manager, 30(1), 23-28.

Ramer, L., Johnson, D., Chan, L., & Barrett, M. T., (2006). The effect of HIV/AIDS disease progression on spirituality and self-transcendence in a multicultural population. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 17(3), 280–289.

Rankin S.H., & Fukuoka , T. (2003). Predictors of quality of life in women 1 year after myocardial infarction. Progress in Cardiovascular Nursing, Winter 2003 , 6-12.

Rannestad, T. & Skjeldestad, F. E. (2007). Pain and quality of life among long-term gynecological cancer survivors: A population-based case-control study. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica, 86, 1510-1516. doi: 10.1080/00016340701743116

Rannestad, T., Eikeland, O.J., Helland, H., & Qvarnstron, U.  (2000).  Quality of life, pain, and psychological well-being in women suffering from gynecological disorders.  Journal of Women’s Health and Gender-Based Medicine, 9(8), 897-903.

Rannestad, T., Eikeland, OJ., Helland, H., Qvanstrom, U. (2001). Quality of life in women suffering from Gynecological disorders is improved by means of hysterectomy. Acta Obstetrica et Gynecologica Scandinavica,  80, 46-51.

Rannestad, T., Eikeland, OJ., Helland, H., Qvarnstrom, U. (2001). Are the physiologically and psychologically based symptoms in women suffering from gynecological disorders alleviated by means of hysterectomy? Journal of Women’s Health &Gender-Based Medicine, 10(6), 579-587.

Rannestad, T., Skjeldestad, F.E. (2011). Ferrans and Powers’ Quality of Life index applied in urinary incontinence research—a pilot study. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 25, 410-416.

Rannestad, T., Skjeldestad, F.E., Platou, T.F., Hagen, B. (2008). Quality of life among long-term gynecological cancer survivors. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 22, 472-477.

Reis, P.A., Carvalho, Z.M., Tirado Darder, J.J., Oria, M.O., Studart, R.M., Maniva, S.J. (2015). Cross-cultural adaptation of the Quality of Life Index Spinal Cord Injury—Version III. Journal of School of Nursing, 49(3), 401-408.

Renaud, J., Levasseur, M. Gresset, J., Overbury, O., Wanet-Defalque, M-C., Dubois, M-F., Temisjian, K., Vincent, C., Carignan, M., Desrosiers, J. (2010). Health-related and subjective quality of life of older adults with visual impairment. Disability and Rehabilitation, 32(11), 899-907.

Renzanho, A. M. N., Kamara, J. K. & Kamanga, G. (2016). The Ugandan Youth Quality of Life Index: Assessing the relevance of incorporating perceived importance into the quality of life measure and factors associated with the quality of life among youth in slum areas of Kampala, Uganda. Global Health Action,    9(31362). doi: 10.3402/gha.v9.31362

Richmond, T. S., Ruzek, J., Theimann Ackerson, M. S. S. W., Wiebe, D. J., Winston, F., & Kassam-Adams, N. (2011). Predicting the future development of depression or PTSD after injury. General Hospital Psychiatry, 33, 327-335. doi: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2011.05.003.

Richmond, T.S., Guo, W., Ackerson, T., Hollander, J., Gracias, V., Robinson, K., Amsterdam, J. (2014). Effect of post-injury depression on quality of life following minor injury. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 46(2), 116-124.

Rimayanti UP, Mizuno M, Kadar K, Madjid A, Sahraeny S, Effendy C, Setiyarini S, Mayers TD. (2023). Ensuring reliability and cultural validity of the Indonesian version of the Quality of Life Index for patients with cancer. Research in Nursing and Health, Epub ahead of print Aug 18, 2023. PMID: 37596709. doi: 10.1002/nur.22334.

Robinson‐Smith, G., Harmer, C., Sheeran, R., & Bellino Vallo, E. (2015). Couples’ coping after stroke—a pilot intervention study. Rehabilitation Nursing, 41, 218-229. doi: 10.1002/rnj.213

Robinson-Smith, G., Johnston , M.V., & Allen, J. (2000). Self-care self-efficacy, quality of life, and depression after stroke. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,81, 460-464.

Ross, A.C., Ostrow, L. (2001). Subjectively perceived quality of life after coronary artery bypass surgery. American Journal of Critical Care, 10(1), 11-16.

Rossen, E.K., Knafl, K.A. (2007). Women’s well-being after relocation to independent living communities. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 29(2), 183-199.

Roy-Bouthot, K., Filiatraul, P., Caron, C., Gagnon, M., Premont, S., Levasseur, M. (2014). Modification of the assessment of life habits (LIFE-Hm) to consider personalized satisfaction with participation in activities and roles: results from a construct validity study with older adults. Disability and Rehabilitation, 36(9), 737-743.

Rustoen, T., Moum, T., Wiklund, I., Hanestad, B.  (1999).  Quality of life in newly diagnosed cancer patients.  Journal of Advanced Nursing, 29(2), 490-498.

Rustøen, T., Wahl, A., & Burchardt, C. (2000). Changes in the importance of quality of life domains after cancer diagnosis. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 14, 224-231.

Rustoen, T., Wiklund, I., Hanestad, B, Moum, T.  (1998).  Nursing intervention to increase hope and quality of life in newly diagnosed cancer patients.  Cancer Nursing, 21(4), 235-245.

Rustoen, T., Wiklund, I., Hanestad, B., Burckhardt, C.  (1999).  Validity and reliability of the Norwegian version of the Ferrans and Powers Quality of Life Index.  Scandinavian Journal of Caring Science, 13(2), 96-101.

Saban, K.L., Griffin, J.M., Urban, A., Janusek, M.A., Pape, T.L., & Collins, E. (2016). Perceived health, caregiver burden, and quality of life in women partners providing care to veterans with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development, 53(6), 681–692. doi: 10.1682/JRRD.2015.07.0143

Sahin, Z. A. (2016). Quality of life and symptom experience of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Holistic Nursing Practice, 30(4), 193-200. doi: 10.1097/HNP.0000000000000157

Salam, A.M. (2003). Rate control versus rhythm control for the management of atrial fibrillation: the verdict of the AFFIRM trial. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 12(7), 1231-1237.

Salonen P, Tarkka M-T, Kellokumpu-Lehtinen P-L, Koivisto A-M, Åstedt-Kurki P, Kaunonen M. (2011).  Individual face-to-face support and quality of life in patients with breast cancer.  International Journal of Nursing Practice, 17, 396–410.

Salonen, P., Kellokumpu-Lehtinen, P.L., Tarkka, M.T., Koivisto, A.M, & Kaunonen, M.  (2010). Changes in quality of life in patients with breast cancer.  Journal of Clinical Nursing, 20, 255–266.

Salonen, P., Rantanen, A., Kellokumpu-Lehtinen, P.-L., Huhtala, H. & Kaunonen, M. (2014). The quality of life and social support in significant others of patients with breast cancer – a longitudinal study. European Journal of Cancer Care, 23, 274-283. doi: 10.1111/ecc.12153

Salonen, P., Tarkka, M.T., Kellokumpu-Lehtinen, P.L., Astedi-Kurki, P., Luukkaala, T., Kaunonen, M. (2009). Telephone intervention and quality of life in patients with breast cancer. Cancer Nursing, 32(3), 177-190.

Salonen, P., Tarkka, M.-T., Kellokumpu-Lehtinen, P.-L., Koivisto, A.-M., Aalto, P. & Kaunonen, M. (2013). Effect of social support on changes in quality of life in early breast cancer patients: A longitudinal study. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 27, 396-405. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2012.01050.x

Sammarco, A.  (2009).  Quality of life of breast cancer survivors:  A comparative study of age cohorts.  Cancer Nursing, 32 (5), 347-356.

Sammarco, A. (2001). Perceived social support, uncertainty, and quality of life of younger breast cancer survivors. Cancer Nursing, 24(3), 212-219.

Sammarco, A. (2003). Quality of life among older survivors of breast cancer. Cancer Nursing, 26(6), 431-438.

Sammarco, A., Konecny, L.M. (2008). Quality of life, social support, and uncertainty among Latina breast cancer survivors. Oncology Nursing Forum, 35(5), 844-850.

Sammarco, A., Konecny, L.M. (2010). Quality of life, social support, and uncertainty among Latina and Caucasian breast cancer survivors: A comparative study. Oncology Nursing Forum, 37(1), 93-100.

Sanada, H., Tsuchimoto, Clk., Nagakawa, T., Yamamoto, H., Sanae, T., Yamagami, K. (1994).  An evaluation of the quality of life for post-PD survivors at home using an index of patient satisfaction.  Journal of Japanese Society of Cancer Nursing, 8(1), 35-41.

Santos, V.L., Chaves, E.C., Kimura, M. (2006). Quality of life and coping of persons with temporary and permanent stomas. Journal of Wound Ostomy and Continence Nursing, 33(5), 503-509.

Savoy, S. M. & Penckofer, S., (2015). Depressive symptoms impact health-promoting lifestyle behaviors and quality of life in healthy women. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 30(4), 360-372. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000000158.

Scheinin, S., Abou-Awdi, N., Samuels, G., Jonsyn, G., Powers, B., et al. (1995).  Quality of life in cardiac transplant recipients 60 years of age and older.  Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 14, S97.

Scherer, Y., Janelli, L. & Schmieder, L. (1994).  The effects of a pulmonary education program on quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.  Rehabilitation Nursing Research, 3(2), 62-68.

Schlenk, E., Erlen, J., Dunbar-Jacob, J., McDowell, D., Engberg, S., Sereika, S., Rohay, J., & Bernier, M. (1998).  Health-related quality of life in chronic disorders:  a comparison across studies using the MOS SF-36.  Quality of Life Research, 7, 57-65.

Schneider, C.M., Hsieh, C.C., Sprod, L.K., Carter, S.D., Hayward, R. (2007). Cancer treatment-induced altercations in muscular fitness and quality of life: the role of exercise training. Annals of Oncology, 18(12), 1957-1962.

Schreier, A.M., & Williams, S.A. (2004). Anxiety and quality of life of women who receive radiation or chemotherapy for breast cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum, 31(1), 127-130.

Schron, E., Friedmann, E., & Thomas, S. (2014). Does health-related quality of life predict hospitalization or mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation? Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, 25(1), 23-28. doi: 10.1111/jce.12266

Schron, E.B., Exner, D.V., Yao, Q., Jenkins, L.S., Steinberg, J.S., Cook, J.R., Kutalek, S.P., Friedman, P.L., Bubien, R.S., Page, R.L., Powell, J., & the AVID investigators. (2002). Quality of life in the antiarrhythmics versus implantable defibrillators trial. Circulation, 105, 589-594.

Schuler, B. R. (2015). Health perceptions and quality of life among low-income adults. Health and Social Work, 40(3), 225-232. doi: 10.1093/hsw/hlv045.

Schwartz, C & Sendor, M.  (1999).  Helping others helps oneself:  response shift effects in peer support.  Social Science and Medicine, 28(11), 1563-1575.

Scott, L.D.  (2000).  Caregiving and care receiving among a technologically dependent heart failure population.  Advances in Nursing Science, 23(2), 82-97.

Scott, L.D., Setter-Kline, K., & Britton, A.S. (2004). The effects of nursing interventions to enhance mental health and quality of life among individuals with heart failure. Applied Nursing Research. 17(4), 248-256.

Searle, C. & Jeffrey, J. (1994).  Uncertainty and quality of life of adults hospitalized with life-threatening ventricular arrythmias.  Canadian Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 5(3), 15-22.

Shahgholian, N., Eshghinezhad, A., & Mortazavi, M. (2014). The effect of tai chi exercise on quality of life in hemodialysis patients. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 19(2), 152–158.

Sheikh-Wu SF, Anglade D, Gattamorta K, Downs CA. (2023). Relationships between colorectal cancer survivors’ positive psychology, symptoms, and quality of life. Clinical Nursing Research, 32(1):171-184. doi: 10.1177/10547738221113385. Epub 2022 Aug 23. PMID: 35996878.

Shin, K., Ganotice, F. A., Downing, K., Yip, L. W., Han, H., Yeo, W…Leung, K. (2016). Profile of mood states and quality of life of Chinese postmastectomy women in Hong Kong: Integrating variable- and person-centered approaches. Health Care for Women International, 37, (8), 906-921. doi: 10.1080/07399332.2016.1140170

Sigstad HM, Stray-Pedersen A, Frøland SS. Coping, quality of life, and hope in adults with primary antibody deficiencies. (2005). Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 3:31. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-3-31. PMID: 15871746; PMCID: PMC1177979.

Simpson, J. S. A., Carlson, L. E. & Trew, M. E. (2001). Effect of group therapy for breast cancer on healthcare utilization. Cancer Practice, 9(1), 19-26.

Singh, B.N. (2002). Atrial fibrillation following investigation of rhythm management: AFFIRM trial outcomes. What might be their implication for arrhythmia control? Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 7(3), 131-133.

Skaggs, B. & Yates, B.  (1999).  Quality of life comparisons after coronary angioplasty and coronary artery bypass graft surgery.  Heart and Lung, 28 (6), 409-418.

Skjeldestad, F.E., Rannestad, T. (2009). Urinary incontinence and quality of life in long-term gynecological cancer survivors: A population-based cross-sectional study. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica, 88, 192-199.

Smith, C. (1993).  Quality of life in long term total parenteral nutrition patients and their family caregivers.  Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 17(6), 501-506.

Smith, C. (1994).  A model of caregiving effectiveness for technologically dependent adults residing at home.  Advances in Nursing Science, 17(2), 27-40.

Smith, C., Mayer, L., Metsker, C., Voelker, M., Baldwin, S., Whitman, R., Pingleton, S. (1998).  Continuous positive airway pressure:  patients’ and caregivers’ learning needs and barriers to use.  Heart and Lung, 27(2), 99-108.

Smith, C.E, Curtas, S., Kleinbeck, S.V.M., Werkowitch, M., Mosier M., Seidner, D.L., & Steiger, E. (2003). Clinical trial of interactive and videotaped educational interventions reduce infection, reactive depression, and rehospitalizations for sepsis in patients on home parenteral nutrition. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 27(2), 137-145.

Smith, C.E. (1999). Caregiving effectiveness in families managing complex technology at home: replication of a model. Nursing Research, 48(3), 120-128.

Smith, C.E., Curtas, S., Werkowitch, M., Kleinbeck, S.V.M., & Howard, L. (2002). Home parenteral nutrition: Does affiliation with a national support and educational organization improve patient outcomes? Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 26(3), 159-163.

Smith, H. J., Taylor, R. & Mitchell, A. (2000). A comparison of four quality of life instruments in cardiac patients: SF-36, QLI, QLMI, and SEIQol. Heart, 84, 390-394. doi: 10.1136/heart.84.4.390

Staples, P. & Jeffrey, J.  (1997).  Quality of life, hope, and uncertainty of cardiac patients and their spouses before coronary artery bypass surgery.  Canadian Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 8(1), 7-16.

Starks, S., Graff, J.C., Wicks, M. (2020).  Factors associated with quality of life of family caregivers of dialysis recipients.  Western Journal of Nursing Research, 42(3):177-186. doi: 10.1177/0193945919849816. Epub 2019 May 16.

Steinberg, J.S., Joshi, S., Schron, E.B., Powell, J., Hallstrom, A. McBurnie, M., AVID Investigators. (2008). Psychosocial status predicts mortality in patients with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Heart Rhythm, 5(3), 361-365.

Stuifbergen, A. (1995).  Cognitive impairment and perceptions of quality of life among individuals with multiple sclerosis.  Rehabilitation Nursing Research, Spring 1995, 11-18.

Stuifbergen, A. (1995).  Health-promoting behaviors and quality of life among individuals with multiple sclerosis.  Scholarly Inquiry for Nursing Practice: An International Journal, 9(1), 31-50.

Stuifbergen, A. K., Blozis, S. A., Harrison, T. C., & Becker, H. A. (2006). Exercise, functional limitations, and quality of life: A longitudinal study of persons with Multiple Sclerosis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 87, 935-943. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2006.4.003

Stuifbergen, A.K. (2005). Secondary conditions and life satisfaction among polio survivors. Rehabilitation Nursing, 30(5), 173-179.

Stuifbergen, A.K., Seraphine, A., Harrison , T., & Adachi, E. (2005). An explanatory model of health promotion and quality of life for persons with post-polio syndrome. Social Science & Medicine, 60, 383-393.

Suleiman, I. A., Henry, M. T., & Eneyi, K. E. (2017). Quality of life of healthy subjects and patients with arthritis and diabetes mellitus in Bayelsa State, Niger Delta Region. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 16(7), 1729-1735.

Talley, C.H., Wicks, M.N. (2009). A pilot study of the self-reported quality of life for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Heart & Lung, 38(2), 141-150.

Tan, H., Wutthilert, C., & O’Connor, M. (2011). Spirituality and quality of life in older people with chronic illness in Thailand. Progress in Palliative Care, 19(4), 177-184.

Taylor, R.R. (2004). Quality of life and symptom severity for individuals with chronic fatigue syndrome: findings from a randomized clinical trial. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 58(1), 35-43.

Tenfelde, S., Tell, D., Thomas, T. N., & Kenton, K. (2015). Quality of life in women who use pessaries for longer than 12 months. Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery, 21(3), 146-149. doi: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000000154

Theis, S., Moss, J., Pearson, M. (1994).  Respite for caregivers: an evaluation study.  Journal of Community Health Nursing, 11(1), 31-44.

Thomas, M.D., McGrath, A. & Skilbeck, C. E. (2016). Do missing domain scores compromise the validity of the Quality of Life Inventory? Brain Impairment, 17(3), 209-221. doi: 10.1017/BrImp.2018.18

Timar, R., Velea, I., Timar, B., Lungeanu, D., Oancea, C., Roman, D., & Mazilu, O. (2016). Factors influencing the quality of life perception in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patient Preference and Adherence, 10, 2471–2477. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S124858

Tirgari, B., Iranmanesh, S., Fazel, A., Kalantari, B. (2012). Quality of Life and Mood State in Iranian Women Post Mastectomy. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 16(3), E118.

Toulabi T, et al., The impact of multidisciplinary rehabilitation on the quality of life of hemodialysis patients in Iran, Journal of the Formosan Medical Association (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2015.05.013

Toulabi, T., Kalaveh, S.M., Ghasemi, F., Anbari, K. (2015). The impact of multidisciplinary rehabilitation on the quality of life of hemodialysis patients in Iran. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, 1-7.

Tsai, S. J., Ying, T. H., Huang, Y. H., Cheng, J. W., Bih, L. I., & Lew, H. L. (2009). Transperineal injection of botulinum toxin A for treatment of detrusor sphincter dyssynergia: Localization with combined fluoroscopic and electromyographic guidance. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 90(5), 832-836. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2008.10.023

Tsay, S.L., & Healstead, M. (2002). Self-care self-efficacy, depression, and quality of life among patients receiving hemodialysis in Taiwan. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 39, 245-251.

Tseng, S.Z., & Wang, R.H. (2001). Quality of life and related factors among elderly nursing home residents in southern Taiwan . Public Health Nursing, 18(5), 304-311.

Van Den Akker , O (2003). Genetic and gestational surrogate mothers’ experience of surrogacy. Journal of Reproductive and infant psychology, 21(2), 145-161.

Verrill, D., Barton, C., Beasley, W., & Lippard, W.M. (2005). The effects of short-term and long-term pulmonary rehabilitation on functional capacity, perceived dyspnea, and quality of life. Chest, 128(2), 673-683.

Verrill, D., Barton, C., Beasley, W., Brennan, M., Lippard, M., King, C.  (2001).  Quality of life measures and gender comparisons in North Carolina cardiac rehabilitation programs.  Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, 21, 37-46.

Verrill, D.E., Barton, C., Beasley, W., Lippard, M., & King, C.N. (2003). Six-minute walk performance and quality of life comparisons in North Carolina cardiac rehabilitation programs. Heart & Lung, 32(1), 41-51.

Wallace, M. (2003). Uncertainty and quality of life of older men who undergo watchful waiting for prostate cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum, 30(2), 303-309.

Warnecke, R., Ferrans, C., Johnson, T., Chapa-Resendez, G., O’Rourke, D., Chavez, N., Dudas, S., Smith, E., Martinez-Schallmoser, L., Hand, R., Lad, T. (1996).  Measuring quality of life in culturally diverse populations.  Journal of the National Cancer Institute Monographs, 20, 29-38.

Weinert, C. (2000). Social support in cyberspace for women with chronic illness. Rehabilitation Nursing, 25(4), 129-135.

Weitzner, M., Meyers, C., & Byrne, K. (1996).  Psychosocial functioning and quality of life in patients with primary brain tumors.  Journal of Neurosurgery, 84, 29-34.

Weitzner, M., Meyers, C., Gelke, C., Byrne, K., Cella, D., & Levin, V. (1995).  The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) Scale: Development of a brain subscale and revalidation of the general version in patients with primary brain tumors.  Cancer, 75, 1151-1161.

Weitzner, M., Meyers, C., Saleeba, A., & Byrne, K. (1994).  Quality of life in brain cancer patients: a comparison of two instruments.  Proceedings of ASCO, 13, 466.

Wik, H.S., Jacobsen, A.F., Sandvick, L., Sandset, P.M. (2012). Long-term impact of pregnancy-related venous thrombosis on quality-of-life, general health and functioning: results of a cross-sectional, case-control study. BMJ Open, 2, 1-10.

Wingate, S. (1995).  Quality of life for women after a myocardial infarction.  Heart & Lung, 24, 467-473.

Witek-Janusek, L., Albuquerque, K., Chroniac, K. R., Chroniak, C., Durazo-Arvizu, R. & Mathews, H. L. (2008). Effect of mindfulness based stress reduction on immune function, quality of life and coping in women newly diagnosed with early stage breast cancer. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 22, 969-981. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2008.01.012

Wyatt, G., Sikorskii, A., Rahbar, M. H., Victorson, D. & You, M. (2012). Health-related quality-of-life outcomes: A reflexology trial with patients with advanced-stage breast cancer. Oncology Nursing Forum, 39(6), 568-577. doi: 10.1188/12.ONF.568-577

Wyatt, G., Sikorskii, A., Tesnjak, I., Frambes, D., Holmstrom, A., Luo, Z., Victorson, D., & Tamkus, D. (2017). A randomized clinical trial of caregiver-delivered reflexology for symptom management during breast cancer treatment. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2017 Nov;54(5):670-679. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.07.037. Epub 2017 Jul 23.

Wyse, D.G. (2000). The AFFIRM trial: Main trial and substudies-what can we expect? Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology, 4, 171-176.

Wyse, D.G. (2003). In the wake of the AFFIRM trial: What we still don’t know about the management of atrial fibrillation and where we need to go. Cardiac Electrophysiology Review, 7, 130-135.

Xiaokun, L. (2002). Quality of life among mastectomy patients receiving radiotherapy. Contemporary Nurse, 13(2-3), 198-208.

Yamada, B. F. A. & de Gouveia Santos, V. L. C. (2009). Development and validation of Ferrans & Powers Quality of Life Index – Wound Version. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP, 43(Spe), 1103-1111.

Yamada, B.F.A., Santos , V.L.C.de G. (2005). Quality of life of individuals with chronic venous ulcers. Wounds, 17(7), 178-189.

Yang, M.H., Chen, Y.M., Kuo, B.I.T., Wang, K.Y. (2003). Quality of life and related factors for people living with HIV/AIDS in northern Taiwan . Journal of Nursing Research, 11(3), 217-226.

Yarbro, C. & Ferrans, C. (1998).  Quality of life of patients with prostate cancer treated with surgery or radiation therapy.  Oncology Nursing Forum, 25(4), 685-693.

Yekta, Z. P., Tayebi, Z., Shahsavari, H., Ebadi, A., Tayebi, R., Bolourchifard, F. & Rafil, F. (2013). Liver transplant recipients quality of life instrument: Development and psychometric testing. Hepatitis Monthly, 13(10), e9701. doi: 10.5812/hepatmon.9701

Zacharias, D., Gilg, C., & Foxall, M. (1994).  Quality of life and coping in patients with gynecologic cancer and their spouses.  Oncology Nursing Forum, 21(10), 1699-1706.

Zhan, L. (1992). Quality of life: Conceptual and measurement issues. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 17, 795-800.